Regulations and PondsĮssentially all surface waters, their tributaries, and adjacent wetlands are considered Waters of the United States, and permits may be required for modifications or changes impacting them. Streams and wetlands are the natural means by which stormwater moves into groundwater and to the ocean. 4 Ponds typically serve as water sources (livestock drinking water, irrigation, and recreation) and as a means to capture and control stormwater. 2 A 2013 survey counted 21,594 ponds in aerial imagery from eight coastal South Carolina counties. 3 The SC Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) estimated there were 50,000 or more ponds in South Carolina in 2009. 2 Ponds in the sandhills and piedmont regions of South Carolina are typically 4 to 9 feet deep, and the permanent pool depth should not exceed 20 feet. 1 Ponds in the coastal region of South Carolina are typically 4 to 6 feet deep. Ponds are small (10 square feet to 12 acres in surface area) shallow waterbodies (at minimum 3 feet deep) that hold water all or for a majority of the year. This article provides introductory information to producers, landowners, municipalities, homeowners associations, housing and commercial property developers and managers, golf course managers, and pond managers related to pond type, design, regulations, and pond health. Pond type influences the practices used to manage water quality, water quantity, and aquatic biodiversity. Four types of ponds are common in South Carolina these include aquaculture, irrigation, recreational, and stormwater ponds.
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